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（1）DDL：數據定義語言
（2）DML：數據操縱語言
（3）DQL：數據查詢語言
（4）DCL：數據控制語言
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（1）創建數據庫：creste databaes 數據庫名
（2）創建數據表：create table 表名 （字段定義……)
（1）刪除指定的數據表：drop table [數據庫名]表名
（2）刪除指定的數據庫：drop database 數據庫名
（1）insert：插入新數據
（2）update：更新原有數據
（3）delete：刪除不需要的數據
insert into 表名(字段1,字段2, .....) values(字段1的值,字段的值, .....)
update 表名 set 字段名1=值1[,字段名2=值2] where 條件表達式
（1）delete from 表名 where 條件表達式
（2）不帶where條件的語句表示刪除表中所有記錄(謹慎操作)
selext 字段名1,字段名2..... from 表名;
select 字段名1,字段名2.... from 表名 where 條件表達式;
GRANT 權限列表 ON 數據庫名.表名 TO 用戶名@來源地址 [ IDENTIFIED BY‘密碼’ ]
SHOW GRANTS FOR 用戶名@來源地址
REVOKE 權限列表 ON 數據庫名.表名 FROM 用戶名@來源地址
MySQL> show databases; //查看數據庫列表信息
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql | //其中mysql為系統數據庫
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.02 sec)mysql> create database school; //創建數據庫school
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show databases; //查看數據庫列表信息
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school | //成功創建數據庫
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> mysql>
mysql> use school; //使用數據庫school
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table info (
-> id int(4) not null,
-> name char(10) not null,
-> address varchar(50) default 'beijing',
-> score decimal,
-> primary key(id)); //創建表info
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> describe info; //查看表結構
+---------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | char(10) | NO | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(50) | YES | | beijing | |
| score | decimal(10,0) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.03 sec)mysql>
mysql> insert into info (id,name,address,score) values (1,'stu01','shanghai',88); //添加數據
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into info (id,name,address,score) values (2,'stu02','nanjing',79); //添加數據
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into info (id,name,address,score) values (3,'stu03',default,90); //添加數據
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into info (id,name,address,score) values (4,'stu04','',60); //添加數據
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from info; //查看info表中數據
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| id | name | address | score |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| 1 | stu01 | shanghai | 88 |
| 2 | stu02 | nanjing | 79 |
| 3 | stu03 | beijing | 90 |
| 4 | stu04 | | 60 |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> update info set address='hangzhou' where id=4 and name='stu04'; //修改id為4的address為“hangzhou”
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from info; //查看表中數據
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| id | name | address | score |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| 1 | stu01 | shanghai | 88 |
| 2 | stu02 | nanjing | 79 |
| 3 | stu03 | beijing | 90 |
| 4 | stu04 | hangzhou | 60 |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> delete from info where name='stu04'; //刪除表中name為“stu04”的數據
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select * from info; //查看表中數據
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| id | name | address | score |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| 1 | stu01 | shanghai | 88 |
| 2 | stu02 | nanjing | 79 |
| 3 | stu03 | beijing | 90 |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> drop table info; //刪除表info
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> show tables; //查看表，刪除成功
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database school; //刪除數據庫
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> show databases; //查看數據庫，刪除成功
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> show grants for 'root'@'%'; //查看權限
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@% |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> revoke all on *.* from 'root'@'%'; //刪除權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'root'@'%'; //查看權限
+----------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@% |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+----------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'abc123'; //添加權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'root'@'%'; //查看權限
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@% |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
